Interesting Engineering2023.5.15---邁向智慧城市
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討論了智慧城市，並重點介紹了全球 10 個智慧城市，
包括加拿大的 Zibi、馬來西亞的 Forest City、印度的 GIFT City 和尼日利亞的 Eko Atlantic。
智慧城市利用數字解決方案來改善服務和基礎設施，例如交通、廢物處理、照明和供暖系統。特色智慧城市提供與尖端技術相結合的可持續、節能社區。
Q:智慧城市在基礎設施和服務方面與傳統城市有何不同？
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智慧城市在基礎設施和服務方面不同於傳統城市，因為它們利用數字解決方案來改善這些方面。 例如，智慧城市可能擁有具有實時交通更新和優化路線的先進交通系統、使用智能傳感器監控和管理垃圾收集的廢物處理系統，以及節能照明和供暖系統。 智慧城市還可能擁有一個由傳感器、攝像頭和其他技術組成的集成系統，可提供實時數據，幫助城市官員做出明智的決策並改善服務。
Q:智慧城市如何變得更加可持續和環保？
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通過實施節能技術和系統，例如智能建築管理系統、智能電網以及太陽能和風能等可再生能源，智能城市變得更加可持續和生態友好。 此外，智慧城市也在推廣電動和混合動力汽車等環保交通工具，並提供自行車共享計劃和行人友好型基礎設施。 通過使用數據分析，智慧城市可以跟踪能源消耗和碳排放，並採取積極措施來優化和減少它們。 總體而言，智慧城市旨在為居民創造更可持續、更宜居的環境。
Q:智慧城市如何改善居民和企業的生活質量？
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智慧城市通過多種方式改善居民和企業的生活質量：
1. 高效便捷的服務：智慧城市利用數字化解決方案，提供交通、垃圾處理、照明、供暖系統等智能服務。 這些服務高效、環保且更方便，使人們的日常生活更加輕鬆。
2. 增強安全性：智慧城市使用高級分析來監控和響應實時緊急情況，從而提高城市居民和企業的安全。
3. 能源效率：通過利用智能電網和節能建築等先進技術，智慧城市降低了能源消耗，從而降低了能源費用、減少了污染並最大限度地減少了碳足跡。
4. 改善連接性：智慧城市相互連接，可實現不同部門之間更好的溝通和數據收集。 例如，連接的公共交通系統允許通勤者優化他們的旅程，減少等待時間並改善連接。
5. 加強公民參與：智慧城市可以提高公民參與度和透明度，有助於培養社區意識和居民賦權。 反過來，這可以導致更多的公民參與、更有效的資源分配和更有效的問題解決。
Q:那些地區正興建智慧城市
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世界各地都有正在建設或規劃的智慧城市項目。
以下是一些正在建設智慧城市的地區：
1. 深圳，中國
2. 迪拜，阿拉伯聯合酋長國
3. 柏林，德國
4. 大阪，日本
5. 西雅圖，美國
6. 胡志明市，越南
7. 紐約市，美國
8. 漢堡，德國
9. 孟買，印度
10. 新加坡
這些地區都有針對各自的城市需求和挑戰進行智慧城市建設項目，
以利用現代技術解決城市的交通、醫療、教育、能源等問題，讓市民生活更加便利、舒適，環境更加綠色、健康。
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What are smart cities?
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A smart city is a location in which existing networks and services
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are made more effective via the use of digital solutions
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for the benefit of its residents and businesses.
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It entails smarter urban transportation networks,
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improved water supply, and waste disposal facilities,
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and more efficient lighting and heating systems.
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How many smart cities do you think have reached livable levels
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and already offer living space to their citizens?
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Although some are still in the project stage,
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we share 10 of them with you.
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This is an important sign of how widespread they are.
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So which ones would you like to live in?
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Zibi has an unequaled beachfront position,
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as well as a rich cultural legacy and history.
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Zibi will now be home to thousands of residents who will have
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everything at their fingertips,
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from the world-class parks of North Shore
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to the top shopping and restaurants of Chaudière West.
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The Zibi Master Plan
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includes a comprehensive network of walking trails,
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cycling networks, and public transportation choices.
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Cyclists will find brand new bike paths
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right at their doorsteps along the Booth-Eddy corridor,
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pedestrians will enjoy a highly walkable neighborhood,
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and residents will think twice before driving.
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Overall, this will be one of Canada's most interconnected
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master-planned communities.
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Forest City, a luxury estate in southern Malaysia,
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is one of the country's most contentious constructions.
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Six years into construction,
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the $100 billion estate
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has already become a ghost town.
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The prominent features of Forest City are as follows;
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Low-carbon, green city with a sustainable community
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and an energy-efficient building system that meets green criteria.
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A bustling metropolis with a dense population
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that is in tune with the rest of the world.
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A harmonious community
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that embraces the rich heritage established by its members'
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diverse cultures.
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The newly-built Forest metropolis,
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which will consist of four man-made islands
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spanning 30 km2,
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will be a smart and green future metropolis
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that integrates environment, technology,
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and cutting-edge technology to create an ideal,
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idyllic, and technology-driven living and working space ecology.
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GIFT City is a national project
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that has become a vital element of India's growth story
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as the country strives to realize its aspiration
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of becoming a developed nation.
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The name "GIFT" is an acronym that stands for
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"Gujarat International Finance Tec-City".
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It is India's first operational greenfield smart city
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and international financial services center,
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which was pitched as a greenfield project
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by the Gujarat government.
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The city is on the banks of the Sabarmati River,
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about 12 kilometers (7.5 miles)
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from Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport.
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GIFT City is divided into two zones:
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Domestic Tariff Area (DTA):
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This zone is intended for domestic businesses
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and is governed by Indian laws and regulations.
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Companies operating in this zone
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can serve the domestic market
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while benefiting from significant tax breaks
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provided by the Indian government.
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Special Economic Zone (SEZ):
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This zone is intended for international businesses
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and is intended to encourage exports and foreign investments.
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Companies operating in this zone
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benefit from a variety of benefits, including tax breaks,
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duty-free imports and exports,
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and simplified regulatory procedures.
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Each city has its own sustaining ecosystem.
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Only thirty minutes separates you from the past, present, and future.
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Eko Atlantic is a brand-new coastal metropolis
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under construction on Victoria Island in Lagos, Nigeria.
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It serves as a focal point for investors
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looking to capitalize on an abundant development boom
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driven by tremendous demand,
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as well as a gateway to the continent's rising markets.
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This new metropolis has fast grown
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from a creative architectural concept
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to a technical reality.
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Road infrastructure and underground surface drainage pipes
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have already been installed along important routes
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across the new metropolis.
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The project's bridges in Phases 1 and 2
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have all been finished.
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Independent reliable electricity,
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modern fiber optic telecoms,
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and clean water utility services
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are already built below street level
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across Eko Atlantic.
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This spectacular engineering and technical city is now growing,
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with the foundations in place.
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Western Sydney, approximately 50 kilometers from
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Sydney's core business center, is one of Australia's fastest-growing districts.
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Western Sydney, one of Australia's most culturally varied regions,
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has a population of 2 million people
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and is expected to increase to nearly 3 million in the next 20 years
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as the economy booms.
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That is why the governments of Australia and New South Wales
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are collaborating with the business sector
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to build a purpose-built Aerotropolis.
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The Western Sydney Aerotropolis
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will grow into a major economic hub in the region.
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The Aerotropolis, which will benefit from its proximity
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to the new Western Sydney International
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(Nancy-Bird Walton) Airport,
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will contribute to 200,000 new jobs
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in the broader Western Parkland City
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and will become a high-skill jobs hub across aerospace and defense,
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manufacturing, healthcare, freight and logistics, and agribusiness.
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Smart Kalasatama, a brownfield district in Helsinki,
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is a vibrant Smart City experimental innovation platform
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where residents may co-create smart
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and clean urban infrastructure and services.
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By 2035, the district will house around 25,000 people
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and employ 10,000 people.
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There are currently 3,000 people residing in the region.
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Kalasatama is constructing a carbon-neutral future
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for energy services.
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The user of power in this paradigm,
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smart-grid area, can also be its producer.
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Helen, ABB, and Fingrid's intelligent energy systems project
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focus on Kalasatama's smart grid and its byproducts,
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such as an electric car network and energy storage.
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This global city research evaluating city initiatives for technology,
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innovation, and entrepreneurship,
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ranked Helsinki right after New York and London.
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Hamburg's Smart City Approach is obvious in daily life:
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smart technologies, multidisciplinary pilot projects,
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and new architecture continue to emerge in the city's
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ever-changing landscape.
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Hamburg's IT and communication infrastructure includes
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free WiFi and charging stations in some of the city's trains.
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Hamburg, like Heidelberg and Stuttgart,
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is a pioneer in delivering an energy-efficient urban environment.
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Intelligent, twilight-dependent street lighting
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and smart garbage cans are examples of this.
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Mobility is one of Hamburg's smart city strengths.
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Smart traffic management, smart parking,
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and a complete car-sharing offer are all available.
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HafenCity's sustainable mobility plan
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is made up of a combination of great public transportation links,
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optimum circumstances for active mobility,
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a reduction in private car parking provision,
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and a station-based, cross-neighborhood
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car-sharing system.
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The Mukaab is a proposed architectural concept
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to construct a 400-meter-tall
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enormous cube-shaped skyscraper
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in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia's al-Qirawan area.
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The New Murabba aspires to build Riyadh into
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"the world's largest and most modern downtown"
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on unprecedented scales.
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As the crown jewel of the New Murabba project,
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the Mukaab shines brightly.
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Riyadh's most recent urban development project
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will include more than
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25 million square kilometers of floor space,
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104,000 residential units,
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9,000 hotel rooms,
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980,000 square meters of retail space,
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1.4 million square meters of office space,
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620,000 square meters of leisure assets,
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and 1.8 million square meters of communal facilities.
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Being built as part of the country’s Vision 2030,
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the government also intends to get it ready in time to host
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the World Expo in 2030,
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for which it is a candidate, along with South Korea, Ukraine, and Italy.
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Telosa is a hypothetical utopian planned city in the United States
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designed by American millionaire Marc Lore
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and set to open in September 2021.
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Telosa City will be created in the desert between Nevada, Arizona, and Utah.
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A total of 150,000 hectares of land is planned.
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According to Lore, the city will have 50,000 residents as early as 2030.
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The new city will be powered almost entirely by renewable energy.
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Solar panels will be installed on all structures.
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Several water treatment plants will use the resource cautiously,
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which is much more valuable in the desert.
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Cars are not required in Telosa
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because the emphasis is on walkers and cyclists.
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Cars that may be required should be electric and self-driving.
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One day, up to five million people are anticipated to reside in the utopian city.
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Telosa is distinguished by community resources,
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and a very small ecological footprint, in addition to its avant-garde design.
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in addition to its avant-garde design.
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The Line is a civilizational revolution
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that prioritizes humanity
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by providing an unmatched urban living experience
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while protecting the environment.
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The city will be totally powered by renewable energy.
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It will have three layers: one for pedestrians on the surface,
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one for infrastructure underneath,
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and another for transit underground.
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Residents will be compensated to give data to The Line,
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which will monitor the city and employ predictive and statistical models
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to uncover ways to enhance daily living for its population.
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Designers of the city say that they want to create a legacy
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that makes the world a better place,
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and their key values will help them achieve that.
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In sum, many of these cities’ improvements are already in place.
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According to consultancy McKinsey,
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implementing a smart city idea
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can improve important quality-of-life metrics
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such as health, safety,
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and environmental quality by 10 to 30%.
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Cities at their best will blend what is good for the environment
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with what is good for the economy.
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